WANDA URBAŃSKA

On 13 September 1947 in Leszno, the Municipal Court in Leszno, in the person of Judge Wł. Długiewicz, with the participation of a reporter, trainee judge S. Karlik, interviewed the person specified below as an unsworn witness. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations and of the wording of Article 107 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the witness testified as follows:


Name and surname Wanda Urbańska
Age 37
Parents’ names Antoni and Maria
Place of residence Leszno, Przemysłowa Street 43
Occupation bookkeeper
Religious affiliation Roman Catholic
Criminal record none
Relationship to the parties none

I testify to the same as witness Renata Matuszewska and add the following:

I was detained in the camp in Ravensbrück from 25 April 1940 until 25 April 1945. When I arrived at the camp, Mandl was already Aufseherin [overseer] of the bunker and treated the prisoners – especially the Poles – in an exceptionally cruel manner.

From the beginning of August 1941, I think, I worked in the camp political department, which contained personal files of all prisoners, as well as case files from inquiries against them. When Koegel and Mandl were organizing transports to the unknown, I was in charge of preparing the records of the prisoners selected for the transports. I was told then that the ill were going to sanatoriums for treatment. Next to the room in which I worked was the room of the Gestapo officers, who worked behind locked doors. Records of the prisoners who had been transported to the unknown would be moved to the Gestapo officers’ room. One time, I walked into this room while they were away, and on the desk I noticed the files and criminal records of the prisoners who had been transported. Intrigued, I looked into the files and saw messages from the Ravensbrück camp authorities to the local Gestapo in the prisoners’ places of residence, notifying them of the individual prisoners’ deaths caused by natural causes, tuberculosis or heart disease. This is how I know that prisoners from transports to the unknown were killed.

I distinctly remember seeing, among other files, the file of Wąskowa from Radom, who had been transported in March 1942. The local Gestapo in Radom was notified of her death from heart disease in June 1942.

When the suspect became Oberaufseherin at the camp in Ravensbrück, the executions by firing squad began. I received orders from the director of the political department, Borschard, to find files of the prisoners with the numbers that he gave me. I would find the files and write down the names of the prisoners on paper. The files were handed over to Koegel and I would give the list of the prisoners to Mandl. She stopped the prisoners from the list in the camp, didn’t send them to work, but took them to the bunker, where they remained until the evening roll call. During roll call, the prisoners from the bunker were lead in front of our eyes beyond the gate, and after a dozen or so minutes we would hear salvos. I would like to emphasize that a couple of times the prisoners were escorted by Mandl. After several executions of this sort, the Aufseherin of Buch’s political department told me to cross off the names of the prisoners taken beyond the camp as deceased.

Presently, I can recall some of the names of these people: Danuta Chołownia [Hołownia], Wanda Polakowska, Rakowska, I cannot recall other names at this moment.

The report was concluded.