Warsaw, 28 July 1948. Judge Halina Wereńko, a member of the District Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes, interviewed the person named below as a witness, without taking an oath. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations, the witness testified as follows:
Name and surname | Janina Śliwińska, née Borkowska |
Parents’ names | Stanisław and Zofia, née Bazaniak |
Date of birth | 10 July 1919, Szubsk Duży, district of Kutno. |
Religion | Roman Catholic |
Citizenship and nationality | Polish |
Education | five classes of vocational school |
Profession | housewife |
Address | Warsaw, Potocka Street 35, flat 4 |
When the Warsaw Uprising broke out, I was in the flat of my relatives, the Gąsiorowicz family, in the house at Dembińskiego Street 2/4. Despite the shelling of Marii Kazimiery Street from the German barracks at Gdańska Street, I frequently made it through to Żoliborz. The insurrectionists did not organise any operations in the area adjacent to our house. From my relative, Wysocka, then residing at Marii Kazimiery Street 57 and presently deceased, I learned at the time that German vehicles would drive along Kamedułów Street and call upon the civilians through loudspeakers to leave the city. I saw a large group of people who had heeded this call and were proceeding in the direction of the "Blaszanka" (the Metal Products Factory). This was more or less in the middle of August, I don’t remember the exact date. I also learned from my friends that there were leaflets summoning the civilian population to leave Marymont.
On 14 September the shelling of Marymont from the Central Institute of Physical Education intensified. At around noon, I went from the flat to the cellar of the house at Dembińskiego Street 2/4, where the residents of our house and those of neighbouring wooden houses, nearly one hundred people in total, had hid. At around 14:00 one of the men noticed the approach of soldiers – "Ukrainians", as he said – from the direction of Dembińskiego Street. Hearing this, a few of the men tried to escape from the house towards Żoliborz using a balcony. They had to turn back, however, for our house was surrounded by soldiers from the other side, too. Next, grenades were thrown into the cellar from the garden, while the front door was taken off of its hinges and the stairs blown up.
I stood near the cellar exit, deafened by the blast, and saw a soldier in German uniform who had positioned himself at the front door and was calling everyone to leave the cellar (Raus). The people started to exit. After some time I also left. I stood near the stairs in front of the door and saw that there was a double file of soldiers in German uniforms, with rifles in hand, in Marii Kazimiery Street, while to the left, in front of the corner of the house, a group of soldiers in German uniforms was standing around a machine gun that had been set up on the ground. I saw bodies lying around the square in front of the house and in the direction of Dembińskiego Street, and right before my eyes a grenade was thrown from the corner of the house, exploding near a woman (unknown to me) who was walking two small dogs. I withdrew and returned to the cellar. After some time, however, I came out again with the group of people who had remained in the cellar. I was so scared that I don’t remember who was walking with me, or whether we were shot at. I only remember that the soldiers were still standing near the house. I later learned from my friend, Pietrucha, that she had walked alongside me together with her small daughter and husband, Stanisław, who was shot at the time. I then entered Dembińskiego Street and hid in a wooden house on the side of the even-numbered addresses, but I don’t remember the number. There I met a relative, Maria Arkita, who was with her small daughter. From there I saw a group of people from Marii Kazimiery Street who were being led in the direction of the ponds, and amongst them another relative of mine, Gąsiorowicz. When the house in which I had been hiding started to burn, we went to a shelter in one of the nearby courtyards, where we stayed for the night from 15 to 16 September, during which we moved to the bunker near the house at Dembińskiego Street 2/4.
We stayed there for a few weeks, until 28 October 1944, when together with the people whom we had met a few days earlier while hiding in the burned-out ruins of the house at Dembińskiego Street 2/4 – Jan Rogalski and a baker, Wacław, whose surname I don’t remember – we left Warsaw. During this time we heard civilian Polish men, brought in by the Germans, burying the bodies of the murder victims in a few graves.
At this point the report was brought to a close and read out.