Warsaw, 8 January 1948. The member of the District Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes, Judge Halina Wereńko, interviewed the person specified below as an unsworn witness. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations, the witness testified as follows:
Name and surname | Stefan Lebiedowski, “Wróbel” |
Names of parents | Stefan and Bronisława née Dolińska |
Date of birth | 14 July 1905 |
Religious affiliation | Roman Catholic |
Education | high school |
Place of residence | Warsaw, Nowogrodzka Street 34, flat 8 |
State and national affiliation | Polish |
Occupation | public official |
I took part in the insurgent action in Warsaw in 1944 as a commander of a platoon of the II assault battalion “Odwet” under the pseudonym “Wróbel”. Lieutenant “Roman” - Juliusz Sobolewski - was the commander of “Odwet”. The task of the battalion was to attack the SS barracks on Rakowiecka Street from the side of Pole Mokotowskie. Our troops were grouped in a quadrangle closed by Wawelska Street, Sucha Street, Filtrowa Street, and aleja Niepodległości. Three companies were stationed in that area. Three platoons of the “Odwet” battalion went to Pole Mokotowskie on 1 August at 5.00 p.m. for the action against the SS barracks (Stauferkaserne) and came under heavy fire from German machine weapons, which made any further action impossible. Part of the troops pushed through to Mokotów, part to Okęcie. The rest, having left the dead, went back to Staszic Housing Estate.
On that day, at 5.00 p.m., the first platoon under my command attacked a German post on Prokuratorska Street. It was initially taken, but after reinforcements arrived from the side of Pole Mokotowskie, we had to give up the post. Units of anti-aircraft and field artillery, and SS units on tanks joined the attack against us. On 5 August, units of 1st Brigade of Kaminski joined the action, taking Staszic Housing Estate. Kaminski’s soldiers gradually took over the streets, throwing the population out, looting valuables, raping women and young girls.
On 1 August 1944, I was wounded leading the platoon in an assault on a German post on Prokuratorska Street. I was taken to a sanitary post at Jesionowa Street 15. Sanitary posts were also located at Langiewicza Street 3, 5, 9 and 11. I was moved through all these posts, because the ring of the German army got tighter and tighter.
On 5 August, around 3.00 p.m., a group of Kaminski’s soldiers came from the side of Pole Mokotowskie. They killed Jan Jakubowski, who was stationed in an observation point, and they stormed into the hospital on Langiewicza Street 11 through the window. They conducted an inspection of all present, including the wounded. They took valuables, then they gave an order to leave the house. The nurses carried the wounded. Then “Ukrainians” shot three lightly wounded insurgents (of whom one had the pseudonym “Ryszard”) and set the house at Langiewicza Street 11/13 on fire. They shot four insurgents in house number 13 who tried to hide in the attic. The wounded were grouped in front of the house, on the street, then a momentary confusion occurred: one of the soldiers tried to shoot a Polish doctor with a rifle, in order to take his ski boots, the doctor’s wife did not let him shoot, started to tussle with the soldier. At that moment two Wehrmacht soldiers came, and I heard how they were explaining to Kaminski’s soldiers that they did not have to execute everyone. The same Germans killed a boy who ran through the garden and did not stop at their command. Eventually, we were led to a house at Langiewicza Street 9. Around 9.00 p.m., the same group of Kaminski’s soldiers came to our villa announcing that they had come to execute us. The officer who came with that group, called Alosha, ordered those volunteering to perform the execution to report to him. Three soldiers reported in. We stayed then on the first floor, there were five wounded men and one woman. Our nurses got a flat on the ground floor. At the moment when the soldiers took out weapons, our nurses stormed in, numbering around 30. The soldiers, seeing the nurses, left us and went after them. After a moment, I saw through an open door that they were raping them. I saw a couple of times that a few soldiers were raping one nurse. I noticed that seven of them were raped. After an hour, one nurse closed the door and the soldiers stopped coming into our room. Cries in the house lasted until 11.00 p.m. Then, there was silence. Around 11.30 p.m., we heard two volleys from a machine gun. At midnight the soldiers left. The nurses came at our calling, and it turned out that nobody from our villa had died.
On the next day, the soldiers came again looking for women. Their visits were repeated every day until 11 August 1944, when we moved to Śródmieście in small groups. From the group of nurses staying with us, I remembered the following:
Irena Słowik, currently residing in Warsaw, Hoża Street.
Irena Peters and Hanna Rawińska, residing on Emili Plater Street 9, flat 11.
At this the report was concluded and read out.