JANINA SUMIŃSKA

Warsaw, 16 May 1950. Janusz Gumkowski, acting as a member of the Main Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes in Poland, heard the person named below as a witness. The witness testified as follows:


Name and surname Janina Sumińska née Balcerzak
Date and place of birth 28 January 1904 in Warsaw
Names of parents Stanisław and Bronisława née Kędzierska
Occupation of the father laborer
State affiliation Polish
Religious affiliation Roman Catholic
Education one grade of elementary school
Occupation housewife
Place of residence Gdańska Street 4a, flat 4
Criminal record none

During the entire Uprising, I was on Gdańska Street. At first, I was in my own house at Gdańska Street 19, but when the Germans retreated from the barracks on Gdańska Street where they had been stationed, and when that area found itself under heavy fire from the direction of Bielany, I moved to Gdańska Street 4a. I stayed there until the day the German frontline troops surrounded our house (I don’t remember the date at all). They threw grenades into the basements, causing some harm to the people. Some people began to flee. The Germans shot at them. And so, a few people, including two women whom I had known but whose names I don’t remember, were killed in the vicinity of the house: in the street and in the yard. The Germans stopped shooting. They ordered people to go out onto the street. They led us to the corner of Kaskadowa and Gdańska streets. On the way, I saw corpses of executed inhabitants of the house at no. 15 Gdańska Street. In the street, by the property no. 14 Gdańska Street, there was, again, a large number of executed, I think more than ten people. The Germans ordered the men to dig a grave in the field, and the corpses were buried in it.

I don’t know who those people were. Allegedly, they were from the houses numbers 14 and 25 on Gdańska Street.

Next, we were led further to the Central Institute of Physical Education. Then, through Bielany fields, Powązki, and the church in Wola, we were taken to the West Railway Station and deported to Pruszków.

I don’t know anyone who could say anything more about the crimes committed by the Germans on Gdańska Street during the Uprising in 1944.

At that the report was concluded and read out.