HALINA TARGOWSKA

Warsaw, 26 March 1949. A member of the Main Commission for the Investigation of German Crimes in Poland, Norbert Szuman (MA), heard the person named below as an unsworn witness. Having been advised of the criminal liability for making false declarations, the witness testified as follows:


Name and surname Halina Targowska, née Krzyżańska, widow
Date and place of birth 9 May 1907, in Kijów
Names of parents Andrzej and Maria, née Zagrobska
Occupation of the father farmer
State affiliation and nationality Polish
Religious affiliation Roman Catholic
Education secondary and two years at university
Occupation former office worker
Place of residence aleja I Armii WP 3, flat 25
Criminal record none

When the Warsaw Uprising broke out, I was in my house at Kazimierzowska Street 51. On 1 August the insurgents were on the premises of our house, and they were attacking German positions on the corner of Narbutta and Kazimierzowska streets from our house and the neighboring ones. Then the insurgents retreated to Różana Street. From that time on our house was a part of a neutral land of sorts – between Polish and German positions.

The Germans stormed into our house for the first time on 7 August 1944, having first shelled the surrounding area. Then all the men except for the elderly were taken from our house and the neighboring houses and streets. These men were taken to the barracks on Rakowiecka Street, the so-called Stauferkaserne, and after some time the Germans allowed women to bring food there. Despite this permission, on 16 or 17 August they killed four women who were on their way to the Stauferkaserne with food, shooting from the shelter on the corner of Kazimierzowska and Madalińskiego streets. Before this happened, around 10 August, the Germans from the Stauferkaserne had sent women to the insurgents for a demand of surrender, threatening that the Germans would execute hostages – the men kept in the Stauferkaserne – should the insurgents refuse to accept their demands. However, the German demands were rejected, as was the offer that women would go to Różana Street.

In the afternoon of 21 August, there were a few insurgents on the premises of our house, but they retreated after some time without launching any action. At the same time some Germans arrived, herding women in front of them and shooting at neighboring houses, for instance at the adjacent building on Madalińskiego Street. At that time I went to the adjacent house, no. 37 or 39 at Madalińskiego Street (I am not sure of the number). I believe that over forty people were gathered in the staircase of that house. Suddenly, German soldiers charged into the building from the courtyard and through the widows of the ground floor flats. The Germans shot at us and showered us with grenades from two sides. I heard screaming, I saw fatally wounded people collapsing all around me. I was also wounded in many parts of my body: arms, neck, and other places (the witness produced a certificate of 12 March 1948 issued by Dr F. Kaczanowski, director of the State Mental Health Hospital in Tworki, stating that witness Targowska got wounded during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. A certified copy of this certificate was made and appended to witness Targowska’s interview report). I noticed at the time that one of the German soldiers had set the staircase on fire, and that the house was beginning to burn. I managed to drag my then 7-year-old son from under the corpses and get to the gate, and a few other people did the same. I saw that one of the German soldiers executed a wounded man who had tried to escape with me. Then that soldier pointed at me. I turned to him, as I heard that he spoke Russian, and I tried to save myself saying that I had Russian papers and a child. The soldier told me to drop my bundles. At that moment I lost consciousness, and I came round in a hospital on Chocimska Street, where, as I learned later, I had been taken by the Polish Red Cross with other wounded people from the sanitary post run by the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception at Kazimierzowska Street 57 or 59, where I had been brought on 21 August after the execution.

I cannot say how many people were killed then.

Apart from the execution which I had survived, I heard about other executions at Kazimierzowska Street 77 and 75 (more details could be provided by the son of the caretaker at Kazimierzowska Street 75), on Sandomierska Street, at Puławska Street 19 (Henryk Wilgus, currently residing at Puławska Street 12a, could appear as a witness in this case), at Rakowiecka Street in the cake shop of Narożny, and in Mokotów prison.

At this the report was concluded and read out.